Wetenschappelijk onderzoek over chroom

Het protocol voor de behandeling overgewicht is op basis van wetenschappelijke publicaties ontwikkeld. Hierbij is gebruik gemaakt van de National Library of Medicine. Daar waar mogelijk werden studies die opgezet zijn volgens het "placebo controlled cross-over" principe gebruikt. Andere vormen die vaak werden gebruik zijn reviews en epidemiologisch onderzoek. Publicaties uit bladen als The Lancet, American Journal of Cardiology, The New England Journal of Medicine etc. hadden de voorkeur.

Alle artikelen en behandelingsprotocollen zijn volgens het zelfzorg principe geschreven. Bij zelfzorg is niet de arts of specialist maar de patiënt verantwoordelijk voor het correct uitvoeren van de behandeling. Toch adviseer ik patiënten om bij gezondheidsklachten eerst een arts te raadplegen. Een juiste diagnose is ook bij een zelfzorgtraject van onschatbare waarde. Als u reeds onder behandeling bent van een arts overleg dan met uw arts voordat u voedingssupplementen gaat gebruiken.

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Referenties over chroom en overgewicht

1. Insulin Resistance: Lifestyle and Nutritional Interventions
   Insulin resistance appears to be a common feature and a possible contributing factor to several frequent health problems, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, polycystic ovary disease, dyslipidemia, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, sleep apnea, certain hormone-sensitive cancers, and obesity.
2. Glucose intolerance and insulin resistance with aging--studies on insulin receptors and post-receptor events
   The oral glucose tolerance test and immune reactive insulin level determination were performed on 100 non-obese healthy elderly and 40 young and middle-aged non-obese healthy subjects. In about 60% of the elderly an altered glucose tolerance test was found, but the insulin level was increased in the whole group of elderly subjects. This means an insulin-resistant state with aging.
3. The inter-relationship between insulin and chromium in hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamps in healthy volunteers
   We have previously reported a significant reduction in plasma chromium levels in healthy individuals, following a 75 g oral glucose load, and after meals and glucose-dependent uptake of chromium in insulin-dependent tissues in vitro. These data indicate that alterations in plasma glucose are unlikely to be directly related to changes in plasma chromium, whilst supporting the hypothesis that plasma insulin may influence plasma levels of this trace element.
4. Supplemental-chromium effects on glucose, insulin, glucagon, and urinary chromium losses in subjects consuming controlled low-chromium diets
   Glucose tolerance and circulating insulin and glucagon of the hyperglycemic group all improved during chromium supplementation (200 micrograms/d) whereas those of the control group were unchanged. These data demonstrate that consumption of diets in the lowest 25% of normal chromium intake lead to detrimental effects on glucose tolerance, insulin, and glucagon in subjects with mildly impaired glucose tolerance.
5. A scientific review: the role of chromium in insulin resistance
   Supplements containing 200-1,000 mcg chromium as chromium picolinate a day have been found to improve blood glucose control. Chromium picolinate is the most efficacious form of chromium supplementation. Numerous animal studies and human clinical trials have demonstrated that chromium picolinate supplements are safe
6. Effects of chromium picolinate supplementation on insulin sensitivity, serum lipids, and body weight in dexamethasone-treated rats
   Chromium (Cr) is essential for the regulation of insulin action, and Cr supplementation has been studied as a potential therapy of insulin resistance and lipid abnormalities. Corticosteroid treatment is well known to cause the abnormality of carbohydrate metabolism. Recently, it has been reported that corticosteroid increases urinary loss of Cr, and Cr supplementation recovers steroid-induced diabetes mellitus. We suggest that Cr supplementation in DEX-treated rats can relatively reverse a catabolic state and increase insulin sensitivity. Our results support the hypothesis that Cr supplementation can be considered to improve carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in patients receiving corticosteroid treatment.
7. The safety and efficacy of high-dose chromium
   Previous claims of mutagenic effects of chromium are of questionable relevance. While studies have found DNA fragmentation (clastogenic effects) by chromium picolinate, anecdotal reports of high-dose chromium picolinate toxicity are few and ambiguous.
8. Insulin sensitising action of chromium picolinate in various experimental models of diabetes mellitus
   In conclusion, chromium picolinate significantly improves deranged carbohydrate and lipid metabolism of experimental chemically induced diabetes in rats. The mechanism of in vivo anti-diabetic action appears to be peripheral (skeletal muscle and adipose tissue) insulin enhancing action of chromium.
9. Insulin resistance: lifestyle and nutritional interventions
   Insulin resistance appears to be a common feature and a possible contributing factor to several frequent health problems, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, polycystic ovary disease, dyslipidemia, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, sleep apnea, certain hormone-sensitive cancers, and obesity. Minerals such as magnesium, calcium, potassium, zinc, chromium, and vanadium appear to have associations with insulin resistance or its management. Amino acids, including L-carnitine, taurine, and L-arginine, might also play a role in the reversal of insulin resistance. Other nutrients, including glutathione, coenzyme Q10, and lipoic acid, also appear to have therapeutic potential. Full Story
10. Chromium in the prevention and control of diabetes
    Chromium is an essential nutrient involved in the metabolism of glucose, insulin and blood lipids. Suboptimal dietary intake of chromium is associated with increased risk factors associated with diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Chromium increases insulin binding to cells, insulin receptor number and activates insulin receptor kinase leading to increased insulin sensitivity.
11. Chromium and other insulin sensitizers may enhance glucagon secretion: implications for hypoglycemia and weight control
    This suggests that chromium and other insulin-sensitizing modalities, by down-regulating beta-cell activity, may increase glucagon secretion. Such an effect might play a role in the documented therapeutic activity of supplemental chromium and biguanides in reactive hypoglycemia, and might also be of benefit to dieters.
12. A scientific review: the role of chromium in insulin resistance
    Chromium is an essential mineral that appears to have a beneficial role in the regulation of insulin action and its effects on carbohydrate, protein and lipid metabolism. Chromium is an important factor for enhancing insulin activity. Supplements containing 200-1,000 mcg chromium as chromium picolinate a day have been found to improve blood glucose control. Chromium picolinate is the most efficacious form of chromium supplementation. Numerous animal studies and human clinical trials have demonstrated that chromium picolinate supplements are safe.

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Copyright © 22 April 2014

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